Cervical cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality among women worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Early detection through cervical cancer screening significantly reduces disease burden and improves survival outcomes. Despite the availability of effective screening methods, awareness and utilization of screening services remain inadequate in many populations.

Objective

To assess awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and screening practices related to cervical cancer among women and identify barriers influencing participation in screening programs.

Methods

A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 1,500 women aged 21–65 years attending primary healthcare centers, gynecology clinics, and community health programs. Data were collected using structured questionnaires assessing cervical cancer knowledge, awareness of screening methods, screening participation, and perceived barriers. Statistical analysis included descriptive and inferential methods.

Results

Overall awareness of cervical cancer was 72.8%, while awareness of cervical cancer screening methods was 65.4%. Only 48.6% of participants had undergone at least one screening test. Higher education level, urban residence, healthcare access, and physician recommendation were significantly associated with screening uptake (p<0.05). Major barriers included lack of awareness, fear of diagnosis, embarrassment, and limited healthcare access.

Conclusion

Although awareness of cervical cancer is moderate, screening utilization remains suboptimal. Strengthening health education, expanding access to screening services, and implementing community-based awareness programs are essential for improving early detection and reducing cervical cancer burden.