Childhood obesity has emerged as one of the most significant public health challenges of the 21st century. Rising rates of overweight and obesity among children are associated with increased risks of metabolic, cardiovascular, psychological, and musculoskeletal disorders. Early identification and intervention are essential to prevent long-term health consequences.

Objective

To determine the prevalence of childhood obesity and evaluate associated health risks, lifestyle factors, and demographic determinants among school-aged children.

Methods

A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among 5,200 children aged 6–17 years from 30 schools between January 2023 and December 2024. Anthropometric measurements, dietary assessments, physical activity levels, screen time, and clinical health indicators were evaluated. Obesity was defined according to age- and sex-specific World Health Organization growth standards. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors of obesity.

Results

The overall prevalence of obesity was 18.7%, while 14.3% of participants were overweight. Obese children demonstrated significantly higher rates of hypertension (21.8%), insulin resistance (17.6%), dyslipidemia (24.9%), and psychological distress (28.4%). Excessive screen time, low physical activity, unhealthy dietary habits, parental obesity, and urban residence were significant predictors of childhood obesity.

Conclusion

Childhood obesity is a growing public health concern associated with substantial physical and psychological health risks. Comprehensive school-based interventions, family-centered lifestyle modifications, and public health policies are necessary to address the increasing burden of childhood obesity.