The rapid growth of digital technology has significantly transformed children's daily lives. Smartphones, tablets, computers, televisions, and gaming devices have become integral components of modern childhood. While digital devices offer educational opportunities and social connectivity, excessive screen time has raised concerns regarding cognitive, behavioral, emotional, physical, and social development among children. This study reviews the impact of screen exposure on child development through an analysis of existing literature and simulated observational data involving 500 children aged 5–15 years. Findings indicate that prolonged screen time is associated with reduced academic performance, sleep disturbances, decreased physical activity, behavioral challenges, and impaired social interaction. However, structured educational screen use demonstrates positive outcomes in learning and digital literacy. The study emphasizes the importance of balanced screen exposure and parental supervision to optimize developmental outcomes.